大型电机维修是针对电(dian)(dian)(dian)力来进行的操作，需要格(ge)外注意安全。通常(chang)情况下，电(dian)(dian)(dian)压为(wei)1000V或以上的称之(zhi)为(wei)大型电(dian)(dian)(dian)。在(zai)工业上需要大型电(dian)(dian)(dian)来促(cu)进电(dian)(dian)(dian)力的传(chuan)输，但是大型电(dian)(dian)(dian)会对人体产生极大的危害，工人在(zai)进行操作的时候一(yi)定要格(ge)外小心(xin)。

大(da)(da)(da)型电(dian)(dian)机(ji)(ji)按电(dian)(dian)压等(deng)级需要(yao)(yao)选(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)双(shuang)(shuang)亚(ya)胺(an)，单(dan)亚(ya)胺(an)，单(dan)薄双(shuang)(shuang)丝等(deng)各种规(gui)格的(de)丝包扁(bian)线(xian)，材料齐备后，可(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)绕(rao)(rao)线(xian)机(ji)(ji)上绕(rao)(rao)制(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)梭型成(cheng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)，一般电(dian)(dian)机(ji)(ji)最短线(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)直线(xian)部分(fen)25厘米(mi)，最大(da)(da)(da)线(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)直线(xian)部分(fen)1.2米(mi)，绕(rao)(rao)制(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)单(dan)平绕(rao)(rao)，单(dan)立绕(rao)(rao)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)双(shuang)(shuang)平换(huan)位绕(rao)(rao)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)双(shuang)(shuang)平换(huan)位立绕(rao)(rao)，根(gen)据具体要(yao)(yao)求确定(ding)。利用(yong)(yong)圆盘(pan)中(zhong)的(de)万能(neng)调节也(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)绕(rao)(rao)制(zhi)(zhi)圆漆包线(xian)线(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)。绕(rao)(rao)线(xian)机(ji)(ji)内(nei)置一台(tai)调速(su)(su)电(dian)(dian)机(ji)(ji)与一台(tai)涡轮涡杆减(jian)速(su)(su)机(ji)(ji)，带动绕(rao)(rao)线(xian)机(ji)(ji)实现0-120转(zhuan)/分(fen)的(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)顺逆可(ke)(ke)(ke)制(zhi)(zhi)动的(de)旋转(zhuan)，并(bing)可(ke)(ke)(ke)正(zheng)反(fan)计数，一般可(ke)(ke)(ke)绕(rao)(rao)制(zhi)(zhi)1600KW以内(nei)的(de)各种电(dian)(dian)机(ji)(ji)线(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)，另配有简易(yi)涨紧器一套，可(ke)(ke)(ke)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)绕(rao)(rao)制(zhi)(zhi)线(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)松紧度，一般的(de)修理(li)厂家(jia)选(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)如上产品即可(ke)(ke)(ke)，如遇到(dao)特殊大(da)(da)(da)型规(gui)格时(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)选(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)择特异(yi)型绕(rao)(rao)制(zhi)(zhi)设备。电(dian)(dian)力(li)系统(tong)中(zhong)的(de)输(shu)配电(dian)(dian)线(xian)路(lu)，例(li)如大(da)(da)(da)型电(dian)(dian)塔，或(huo)变电(dian)(dian)所。或(huo)大(da)(da)(da)量用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)之用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)用(yong)(yong)户。以电(dian)(dian)力(li)为主要(yao)(yao)动力(li)的(de)火车、高铁、捷运，使用(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)型电(dian)(dian)缆与集(ji)电(dian)(dian)刷，或(huo)大(da)(da)(da)型电(dian)(dian)轨。

一般(ban)情况是(shi)机壳带电(dian)(dian)、控制线路失控、绕组短路发热，致使电(dian)(dian)动机无(wu)法正常运行等方面的故障，那么我(wo)们(men)应(ying)该(gai)怎么去检查大型电(dian)(dian)机出问(wen)题存在呢(ni)?

1、观察法

通过目(mu)测绕组(zu)端部(bu)及线(xian)槽(cao)内(nei)绝缘物(wu)观(guan)察有无损(sun)伤和焦黑(hei)的痕跡(ji)，如有就是(shi)接地点。

2、万用表检查法

用(yong)万用(yong)表低(di)阻档检查，读数很小，则(ze)为(wei)接地(di)。

3、兆欧表法

根据不同(tong)的(de)(de)等级选用不同(tong)的(de)(de)兆(zhao)欧表测量每组电(dian)阻的(de)(de)绝缘电(dian)阻，若读(du)数為零(ling)，则表示该(gai)项(xiang)绕组接地(di)，但对电(dian)机绝缘受潮或(huo)因事故而击穿(chuan)，需依据经(jing)验判定，一般说来指针(zhen)在“0”处(chu)摇摆不定时，可认為其具有(you)一定的(de)(de)电(dian)阻值。

4、试灯法

如果试(shi)(shi)灯亮，说(shuo)明绕(rao)组(zu)接地(di)，若(ruo)(ruo)发(fa)现某处(chu)伴有火(huo)花(hua)或冒烟(yan)，则该处(chu)為绕(rao)组(zu)接地(di)故障点。若(ruo)(ruo)灯微(wei)亮则绝缘(yuan)有接地(di)击穿(chuan)。若(ruo)(ruo)灯不亮，但测试(shi)(shi)棒接地(di)时也出(chu)现火(huo)花(hua)，说(shuo)明绕(rao)组(zu)尚(shang)未击穿(chuan)，只是(shi)严重受潮。也可(ke)用硬木在外壳的(de)止口(kou)边缘(yuan)轻敲(qiao)，敲(qiao)到某一处(chu)等一灭一亮时，说(shuo)明电流(liu)时通时断，则该处(chu)就是(shi)接地(di)点。

5、电流穿烧法

用一(yi)臺调压变压器，接(jie)(jie)上电源后，接(jie)(jie)地(di)点(dian)(dian)很快发(fa)热，绝(jue)缘物冒烟(yan)处即(ji)為(wei)(wei)接(jie)(jie)地(di)点(dian)(dian)。应特别註意小型电机不得超过额(e)定(ding)电流(liu)的两倍，时(shi)(shi)间(jian)不超过半(ban)分(fen)鐘;大(da)电机為(wei)(wei)额(e)定(ding)电流(liu)的20%-50%或逐步增大(da)电流(liu)，到接(jie)(jie)地(di)点(dian)(dian)刚(gang)冒烟(yan)时(shi)(shi)立(li)即(ji)断电。

6、分组淘汰法

对於(wu)接地点在(zai)(zai)铁(tie)芯(xin)心里面(mian)且(qie)烧灼(zhuo)比较(jiao)厉害，烧损的铜线与铁(tie)芯(xin)熔在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)起。采用的方法是把接地的一(yi)(yi)相绕(rao)组分(fen)成两(liang)半，依此(ci)类推，最后找出接地点。

虽然大型电机维修,直流电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)机(ji)维修是由专(zhuan)业人员进行的(de)，在大型电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)四周作(zuo)业时，应(ying)(ying)有(you)适度防护措施(shi)并保(bao)持安全(quan)距离，否(fou)则应(ying)(ying)先将大型电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)先行断电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)再施(shi)工，以(yi)免(mian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)击身亡(wang)。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压等级的(de)不同，变压器中传输的(de)线(xian)圈(quan)缠绕(rao)的(de)状态有(you)一(yi)定的(de)差(cha)异(yi)。线(xian)圈(quan)本身具有(you)一(yi)定的(de)膨(peng)胀性能，所以(yi)一(yi)定要(yao)预留一(yi)部分空隙。

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